On January 1, 1863, President Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation to free all the slaves in the United States, including the Confederacy. The armed forces and federal government were required to recognize and maintain the freedom of the slaves, and could not repress them. Lincoln did not actually outlaw slavery, nor make the freedmen citizens. He also declared that he would suppress the rebellion in the South as Commander in Chief. He wanted the freedmen to not engage in any violence, except self-defense.
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